ABSTRACT
Traditional Chinese medicine has the characteristics of multiple components， pathways， and targets in the treatment of fracture healing， and has good therapeutic advantages and potential for fractures with complex pathological mechanisms. Based on this， the author summarized the mechanism of promoting fracture healing by the monomer components and compound formulas of traditional Chinese medicine and found that visfatin A， puerarin， and others can activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathway； Xugudan， Guben zenggu formula and others can activate bone morphogenetic protein （BMP） signaling pathway； baicalin， Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides and others can activate Wnt/β -catenin signaling pathway； apigenin， notoginsenoside and others can activate receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）/receptor activator of NF-κB ligand/osteoprotegerin （RANK/RANKL/OPG） signaling pathway； Compound huoxue jiegu capsule， Jiangu granule and others can inhibit phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/AKT） signaling pathway； icariin can activate Notch signaling pathway； Taohong siwu decoction， crocin and others can activate Hippo signaling pathway； jujuboside A and osthole can inhibit NF-κB signaling pathway， and thus promote fracture healing.
ABSTRACT
Zuojinwan is a classic Chinese medicine prescription recorded in the Danxi's Experiential Therapy， with Coptidis Rhizoma and Euodiae Fructus in a ratio of 6 ∶ 1. It can treat symptoms such as liver fire hypochondriac pain， stomach duct pain， vomiting， and acid swallowing. There are many pharmacological studies on Zuojinwan in modern times， especially in the digestive tract， but the prescription also has its unique effect on digestive tract cancer， and its anti-tumor studies mainly focus on colorectal cancer and gastric cancer. Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer in the world and the second deadliest malignancy. At present， a number of studies have shown that the basic pharmacological studies of anti-colorectal cancer by Zuojinwan include the proliferation， apoptosis， invasion， energy metabolism， epigenetics， and drug resistance of colorectal cancer. Alkaloids are the main active ingredients of Zuojinwan， such as berberine， evodiamine， coptisine， palmatine， and rutaecarpine. Compared with the effect of Zuojinwan on colorectal cancer， studies on the effect of berberine and evodiamine on tumor angiogenesis， tumor-promoting inflammation， and intestinal flora are carried out， except the studies on the resistance of berberine and the effect of evodiamine on energy metabolism. In addition， coptisine， palmatine， and rutaecarpine can regulate the proliferation， apoptosis， and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells， the proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells， tumor-promoting inflammatory response， and the proliferation， migration， and invasion of colorectal cancer cells， respectively. Moreover， other studies have shown that the combination of berberine and evodiamine can have a synergistic effect on the growth， migration， and invasion of colorectal cancer cells and can reduce the cardiac toxicity induced by evodiamine. Therefore， this paper summarizes the studies on the anti-colorectal cancer mechanism of Zuojinwan and its main monomer components in recent years， so as to provide a theoretical basis for future clinical research and development of new high-efficiency and low-toxicity anti-colorectal cancer drugs and lay a solid foundation for clinical practice.